Oleander

Evergreen branched shrub 3-4 m high, family kutrovye. The leaves are lanceolate, leathery, dark green, 2-14 cm long. The calyx is 5-incised, the corolla is funnel-shaped with 5 lobes. The flowers are large, double or simple, pink, rarely white or cream, collected at the ends of the branches in corymbose inflorescences. The fruit consists of 2 compressed leaflets, 10-16 cm long. The seeds are numerous, with a tuft. Blooms from June to September. The fruits ripen in October-November.

Cultivated as an ornamental plant on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and in the Crimea. Widely bred as indoor culture. The homeland of the plant is Southern Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor.

Medicinal raw materials are leaves collected in October-November or early spring.

Clinical trials of domestic neriolin (oleandrin glycoside in the form of an alcoholic tincture of leaves or powder in very small doses) were administered to patients with II-III degree cardiovascular insufficiency due to heart defects orally in the form of a 0.02% solution or in tablets of 0, 0001 g (0.1 mg) 2-3 times every day.

 

The duration of treatment ranged from 5 days to 2 months. Under the influence of neriolin, tachyarrhythmia and pulse deficit decreased in patients, the general condition improved, shortness of breath and edema decreased, asthma attacks stopped, diuresis increased. The slowing effect of neriolin on the heart rhythm occurred after 2 hours and became pronounced after 4 hours. The blood circulation of the heart muscle improved (negative T waves disappeared on the ECG in leads II—III), the duration of systole decreased, and the rate of blood circulation increased. Arterial pressure remained unchanged or returned to normal if it was increased due to decompensation.

Neriolin is recommended for acute and chronic insufficiency II-III degree; it is especially indicated for defects in the mitral valve with atrial fibrillation, as well as in all cases of the presence of congestion in the pulmonary circulation.

Doses and duration of treatment with neriolin should be individualized depending on the clinical course of the disease and the reactivity of the patient’s body. The average dose for oral administration is 0.0001 g 2-3 times every day 1-1.5 hours after eating, that is, 25 drops of a solution (with a content of 0.22 mg of neriolin in 1 ml) or 1 tablet (tablet contains 0.1 mg). A dose of 0.3 mg per reception can be prescribed only in a hospital setting. In order to avoid a cumulative effect in the treatment with neriolin, it is recommended to take 4-5-day breaks every 10 days.

Application

Tincture (solution): 0.022% solution of oleandrin in 70 ° alcohol is prescribed 20-25 drops per reception for 1-1.5 hours after eating 2 times every day. The highest single dose of neriolin is 0.75 ml; daily 1.5 ml.

Tablets (powder) of neriolin (A), 0.1 mg each, are prescribed 1 tablet per dose, up to 3 tablets per day. When it will be necessary to get a quick effect, neriolin is prescribed at a dose of 0.3 mg per dose, and then the usual dose is maintained.

Neriolin did not have a therapeutic effect in chronic nephritis, hypertension, cardiosclerosis, which occurred with decompensation of the heart.

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