Rose family (Rosaceae); thorn prickly
It is not easy to pass through thickets of thorn. Although it is not a blackberry, it takes a lot of effort. The closest relative of the plum is too prickly!
Teren is a bush or a low tree 1-5 m tall. Its leaves are simple, petiolate,
oblong or oblong, narrowed at the base. From the edges, they are ridged-serrated, with glandular teeth. Young leaves are pubescent on both sides, later – bare on top. The flowers are regular, bisexual, single, rarely 2-3, white or greenish, on short peduncles. They bloom in May. The fruit is a round juicy black drupe with a gray wax coating. Ripens in August. The common field is widespread in the southern part of the European territory of Russia, outside its borders it grows in Ukraine (throughout the territory); a common plant in thickets, ravines, thickets of shrubs, valleys of rivers and streams. The field is cultivated, it is often grown in gardens and front gardens as a hedge. A well-known edible plant – the berries are eaten.
The healing qualities of thistle are used only in folk medicine.
For the preparation of medicinal products, almost all parts of the plant are used, except for the wood: flowers, fruits, leaves, bark and roots. The flowers are harvested during the period of full bloom, and after their withering, the leaves are collected immediately. Raw materials are spread in a thin layer on cloth or paper and dried outdoors under cover or in a room with good ventilation. The fruits are collected after their full ripening and are most often used fresh, but sometimes they are also dried. Fresh fruits are stored in a cellar, in a wooden container covered with a damp cloth. They are used to make jellies, compotes, jams, jams, tinctures and liqueurs. As a reserve, the fruits are first dried in the sun, and then dried in special dryers at a temperature of 45-50 °C. Thorn roots are harvested in autumn. Dig up, leaving the main roots in order to so that the plant does not die. After harvesting, the earth is shaken off and washed in cold water. Then the roots are cut into pieces, split lengthwise and dried in a warm room with good ventilation. The bark is collected in the spring from young lateral branches, dried under cover in the air and stored in a dry room.
Thorn fruits contain tannins (1.7%) and aromatic substances, pectins (up to 1%), malic acid (3.3%), vitamin C (33 mg), sugars (up to 8.8%), glycoside prunazine , red pigment and mineral salts. Flowers contain essential oil, cyanogenic glycoside, flavone glycoside kaempferin and its aglycon kaempferol, wax and mineral salts. The leaves contain tannins (up to 3.4%), vitamin C (108-158 mg%), malic acid, pectin substances and prunazine glycoside. The bark contains tannins (up to 5%), and the roots contain flavonoids.
Blackthorn fruits (fresh and dried), as well as tinctures and decoctions from them, have an astringent effect, they are recommended for gastrointestinal disorders, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, dysentery, food poisoning, and candidiasis. Thorn wine is an excellent medicinal drink for intestinal infections. Fresh berry juice is useful for jaundice (hepatitis). Preparations made from flowers improve intestinal peristalsis, have a diuretic and diaphoretic effect, and lower blood pressure. Just like fruit products, they intensify metabolism in the body. These agents are prescribed for gastritis, spastic colitis, intestinal atony, urolithiasis, cystitis, edema, rheumatism, furunculosis, and other pustular skin diseases. Infusions of flowers and decoctions of fruits are used for inflammation of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. Common thorn flowers are also used in homeopathy. The leaves of the plant, brewed as tea, increase urination, improve metabolism, have an expectorant and laxative effect. This drink alleviates the condition of patients who suffer from chronic constipation, urolithiasis, cystitis and adenoma of the prostate gland (prostate). It is useful to use tea from the leaves for skin rashes and a sedentary lifestyle.
Bark and roots show antipyretic and diaphoretic effect. Decoctions from them are drunk at a high temperature, and used externally for washing for various skin inflammations and for douching for some gynecological diseases.
The honey productivity of thistle is low — 27-29 kg from 1 hectare of plantations, but it is the most valuable May honey.
Fruit decoction. 2 tablespoons of dried raw materials per 500 ml of boiling water. Boil for 10 minutes, filter. Take 1/2 cup 4 times a day before meals.
Infusion of flowers. 2 tablespoons of raw materials are infused for 1 hour. in 400 ml of boiling water, filter. Take 1/2 cup 4 times a day before meals.
Thorn leaf tea. Dried thorn leaves are brewed and drunk as tea.
Decoction of bark or roots. 5 g of crushed raw materials per 200 ml of boiling water. Boil for 15 minutes, strain, cool. Drink in small sips. Refrigerant.
Decoction of bark or roots (external). 5 g of raw material per 200 ml of boiling water. Boil for 15 minutes, strain, cool. For washing and douching.